![]() Three years later, the Revolt of 1920 erupted after the British, instead of “liberating” Iraq from the Ottoman Turks, appeared to be treating it as a colony with little or no self-government. Although this initial campaign between the Brits and the Ottoman Turks was a failure for the British, the Allied Powers in World War I (Britain, France, and Russia) would continue to attack the Ottoman Empire.Īs the Ottoman Empire was embroiled in World War I, Britain took control of the territory of Iraq in 1917 when British troops marched into the capital city of Baghdad. Modern European intervention in Iraq can be considered to have begun on a large scale during World War I with the Gallipoli Campaign between Britain and the Ottoman Empire in 1915. ![]() The largest chunk of the Ottoman Empire is today the nation of Turkey, which spans both southeastern Europe and the Middle East. Historical Background: Iraq After World War I A map of the Middle East, including Iraq, via The British Empireįor much of modern history, Iraq was part of the Ottoman Empire, which dissolved at the end of World War I.
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